Health Invoice Template

Free Physical Therapist Invoice Template

Generate accurate, insurance-ready invoices for physical therapy sessions and evaluations. Keep your billing compliant and your cash flow consistent.

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What is a Physical Therapist invoice?

A physical therapist invoice is a clinical billing document used to charge patients or insurance companies for physical therapy services. It records the evaluation, treatment sessions, therapeutic modalities, and any home exercise programs provided. When used for insurance billing, it must include standardized codes (CPT and ICD-10) and provider information. For cash-pay or direct-access clients, a simplified itemized invoice is sufficient.

What to include on a Physical Therapist invoice

Common physical therapist invoice line items

Service Typical Rate Unit
Initial Evaluation (97161 - Low complexity) $100 - $200 per evaluation
Re-evaluation (97164) $75 - $150 per evaluation
Therapeutic Exercise (97110) $30 - $60 per 15-min unit
Manual Therapy (97140) $30 - $60 per 15-min unit
Neuromuscular Reeducation (97112) $30 - $60 per 15-min unit
Home Exercise Program Design (97535) $30 - $60 per 15-min unit

How to invoice as a physical therapist

For insurance-based practices, invoices are submitted as CMS-1500 claims to the payer, and a patient statement is generated for the remaining balance (copay, deductible, coinsurance). For cash-pay or direct-access practices, issue a detailed invoice to the patient after each session or weekly. Always include CPT codes even on patient-facing invoices, as patients often need them for HSA/FSA reimbursement or out-of-network claims. Keep your fee schedule current and document the time spent on each timed code accurately, as this affects units billed. Issue superbills on request for patients seeking out-of-network reimbursement.

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Frequently asked questions

What CPT codes do physical therapists most commonly use?
The most frequently used CPT codes in outpatient PT include 97110 (therapeutic exercise), 97140 (manual therapy), 97112 (neuromuscular reeducation), 97530 (therapeutic activities), 97161-97163 (initial evaluations by complexity), 97164 (re-evaluation), and 97535 (self-care and home management). Codes 97110, 97140, 97112, and 97530 are timed codes billed in 15-minute units. Accurate time tracking and documentation are essential for compliance.
How does the 8-minute rule affect physical therapy billing?
The 8-minute rule is a CMS guideline that determines the minimum time required to bill a timed CPT code unit. You must spend at least 8 minutes directly treating a patient with a timed service to bill one unit. For each additional 15-minute increment, the same threshold applies. For example, 23 minutes of manual therapy bills as 1 unit, 24 minutes bills as 2 units. Document start and stop times for each timed service to support accurate billing.
Can physical therapists do direct billing to patients without insurance?
Yes. Many PTs operate cash-pay or direct-access practices where patients pay out of pocket. This model avoids insurance contracts and reimbursement delays. Set a transparent fee schedule and provide itemized invoices with CPT codes and diagnosis codes so patients can self-submit to insurance for out-of-network reimbursement. Cash-pay practices often offer package rates (e.g. 10-session packages) that are invoiced upfront.
What is a superbill and when should a PT provide one?
A superbill is a detailed invoice containing all information required for an insurance reimbursement claim: provider NPI, license number, practice address, patient details, date of service, CPT codes, ICD-10 diagnosis codes, and charges. PTs should provide superbills to cash-pay patients who have out-of-network benefits and want to submit for reimbursement. Superbills should be issued promptly after the session, as insurance companies have timely filing deadlines.
How should I invoice for a home visit as a physical therapist?
Home health PT visits are billed using a different set of CPT codes than outpatient visits, and if you are billing Medicare, you must be OASIS-certified and work under a home health agency. For private-pay home visits, use the same outpatient CPT codes with a note that the service was provided at the patient's home. Add a travel fee as a separate line item if applicable. Confirm in advance whether the patient's insurance covers home PT visits and at what rate.
How long should physical therapists retain billing records?
Federal regulations require that Medicare and Medicaid billing records be retained for at least 7 years from the date of service. Many state laws require 7 to 10 years for health records. For minor patients, records must often be kept until the patient turns 18 plus the standard retention period. Store both the invoice and the supporting clinical documentation together, as the documentation justifies the codes billed and is required in the event of an audit.
Can I use this template for free?
Yes. Tidybill's free plan lets you create up to 5 invoices per month at no cost, with no credit card required. You can use the Physical Therapist invoice template straight away after signing up.